Effects of Polyvinyl Chloride Microplastics on the Growth Rate, Liver Enzyme, and Serum Metabolites of Cirrhinus mrigala

Anam Saeed; Maryam  Riasat; Ayesha Zahid; Faiza Maqsood; Tahira Ghafoor; Muneeb Ul Rehman; Rida  Younas; Naureen Rana

doi:10.65139/r3d2ze70

Authors

Anam Saeed Department of Zoology, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Riphah International University, Faisalabad Campus, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan Author
Maryam Riasat Department of Zoology, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Riphah International University, Faisalabad Campus, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan. Author
Ayesha Zahid Department of Zoology, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Riphah International University, Faisalabad Campus, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan. Author
Faiza Maqsood Department of Zoology, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Riphah International University, Faisalabad Campus, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan. Author
Tahira Ghafoor Department of Zoology, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Riphah International University, Faisalabad Campus, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan. Author
Muneeb Ul Rehman Department of Zoology, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Riphah International University, Faisalabad Campus, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan. Author
Rida Younas Department of Zoology, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Riphah International University, Faisalabad Campus, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan. Author
Naureen Rana College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China. Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.65139/r3d2ze70

Keywords:

Global concern, aquatic toxicity., plastics usage, micro plastics, histopathology, serum metabolites

Abstract

Polyvinyl chloride microplastics have become one of the most harmful aquatic pollutants, and their potential toxicity to fish has become one of the major issues. The target of our research was to determine the effects of polyvinyl chloride microplastics on the Cirrhinus mrigala growth pattern and serum metabolites like glucose, protein, and lipid profiles. To assess the effect of polyvinyl chloride on Cirrhinus mrigala, we use four containers marked as T0, T1, T2, and T3. An equal number of fingerlings was placed in each container. T0 used as control, in which we used no microplastics. While 50, 100, and 150 mg/L of microplastics were used in T1, T2, and T3, respectively. The research was performed under the complete randomized design (CRD). After 4 weeks of growth, the result was measured, and the result was analyzed by one-way ANOVA. After a specific time, the growth was compared. The fingerlings in T3 had a smaller length than those in other containers due to a high amount of PVC microplastics. The noticeable changes in the liver include loss of cell shape, damaged liver cells, and deposition of fat in parenchyma cells. The serum metabolites parameter was measured by LFT. Serum metabolite parameters such as ALT, AST, ALP, protein, bilirubin, and GGT were significantly elevated as PVC quantity increased. The results of this study revealed that a higher concentration of PVC microplastics could have negative impacts on the growth and liver of fish, which may ultimately endanger the food web.

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